Download PDF. A short summary of this paper. What is a Microprocessor? It is a general term that describes all manipulation. What about micro? All of the components that made up the processor were now placed on a single piece of silicon. The size became several thousand times smaller and the speed became several hundred times faster.
Definition of the Microprocessor The microprocessor is a programmable device that takes in numbers, performs on them arithmetic or logical operations according to the program stored in memory and then produces other numbers as a result. Definition Contd. By changing the program, the microprocessor manipulates the data in different ways. This group of operations is called an instruction set. This instruction set defines what the microprocessor can and cannot do.
It only understands binary numbers. A binary digit is called a bit which comes from binary digit. The microprocessor recognizes and processes a group of bits together.
They can handle large numbers, but in order to process these numbers, they broke them into 8-bit pieces and processed each group of 8-bits separately. Usually, each storage device holds one bit. Also, in most kinds of memory, these storage devices are grouped into groups of 8. These 8 storage locations can only be accessed together. So, one can only read or write in terms of bytes to and form memory. It is measured in Kilos, Megas and lately Gigas. So, a KB KiloByte is bytes. Mega is Kilos and Giga is Mega.
Then as the microprocessor starts to execute the instructions, it brings the instructions from memory one at a time. It provides this information to the microprocessor whenever it is needed.
Such as programs and data. So is the assembly language. Then the hexadecimal code is entered into memory. This temporary register is not accessible by the programmer. Demultiplexing AD7-AD0 — From the above description, it becomes obvious that the AD7— AD0 lines are serving a dual purpose and that they need to be demultiplexed to get all the information.
However, the low order bits remain for only one clock period and they would be lost if they are not saved externally. Also, notice that the low order bits of the address disappear when they are needed most. We use the ALE signal to enable this latch. Using the Other Register Pairs — There is also an instruction for moving data from memory to the accumulator without disturbing the contents of the H and L register.
The result is stored in the accumulator. No need to worry about a carry from the lower 8-bits to the upper. It is taken care of automatically. Bit 7 goes to bit 0 AND the Carry flag. Bit 7 goes to the carry and carry goes to bit 0. Bit 0 goes to bit 7 AND the Carry flag. Bit 0 goes to the carry and carry goes to bit 7. RLC vs. Conditional Branch — Go to new location if a specified condition is met. It will occupy a different number of memory bytes. That would make it, Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3.
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